We predicted one, compared to coeducational university students, single-intercourse university youngsters would have higher sex salience (H

_{step one}), fewer other-gender friends (H_dos), and higher anxiety in mixed-gender situations (H_{step 3}). Prior studies have not found any consistent moderating effect of student gender on the differences related to single-sex schooling, and we expected the school differences to be similar in boys and plenty of fish girls (H_cuatro). Nevertheless, we included student gender as a potential moderator as most prior studies did [4,13]. Across the two samples, we predicted that differences between single-sex and coeducational school students ple as the school differences may attenuate when all students were exposed to similar mixed-gender environments after graduation (H₅). Also, we hypothesized that the potential school difference in mixed-gender anxiety was mediated by gender salience (H_six) and mixed-gender friendships (H_eight).

Members.

Participants was indeed employed off four local high colleges (one all the-lady, you to all of the-males and two coeducational) situated in demographically diverse districts in Hong-kong. Users integrated Setting step one so you’re able to 6 (7 th to help you a dozen th amounts) youngsters apart from the latest the-females college or university, where Means six people was indeed omitted as a result of the school’s plan for social exam thinking. Surveys was basically applied of the a class teacher from inside the for every single class. Players complete strategies for the built details and said the monthly nearest and dearest money, adult knowledge and you can many years, numbers of sisters and you can brothers, and ethnicity. This research is carried out in accordance towards pointers and you may recognition of School off Hong-kong Individual Browse Stability Committee (HKU HREC). Students’ assent and you will inactive consent regarding parents otherwise guardians have been acquired before data range. All of the subjects provided authored advised concur according to the Report out-of Helsinki.

A total of 2083 students participated in the study (participation rate: 84%). Twenty-four subjects were excluded from analyses due to missing or extreme data (11 coeducational school students did not indicate their gender and 13 students reported extremely unlikely values on demographic variables). The final sample (N = 2059, M_age = years, SD = 2.03) consisted of 589 boys and 376 girls from the two coeducational schools, 416 boys from the all-boys school, and 678 girls from the all-girls school. This sample size had over 99% a priori power to detect small differences (.20 < d < .30) at ? = .05, two-tailed . Participants were mainly Chinese (89%). Among the four participating schools, the all-boys school and one coeducational school were in Band 2, while the all-girls school and the other coeducational school were in Band 3. All participating schools used Chinese as the teaching language. Some schools used spoken Cantonese and some used spoken Mandarin in class, but they used the same written language in formal printed materials. Therefore, the questionnaires were printed in Chinese. Consistent with prior research [3,4,8], participants from single-sex schools had parents with higher education level, t(2042) = -7.157, p < .001, and attended more academically excellent schools, t(2023) = -, p < .001, unequal variances, than did participants from coeducational schools. The average parental education level of the sample (i.e., between junior secondary to senior secondary) was similar to a representative sample of over 9000 students from local high schools, one from each of the 19 districts in Hong Kong . Detailed participant characteristics are presented in Table 1.

Sex salience size.

Gender salience are measured by the McGuire et al.is the reason means . It measure is proven to be in the otherwise impacted by sex structure [twenty-seven,53]. Participants was indeed expected giving about three brief solutions to every regarding these inquiries: “Let me know what you’re” and you will “Let me know what you are maybe not”. These people were trained to jot down whatever they you are going to contemplate instantly. This new solutions had been after that coded as “gender-related” or “non-gender-related”. Table dos reveals samples of it coding plan. Answers have been basic coded individually by the two programmers. Inter-rater precision are highest for everybody answers (all of the ? > .93). Disagreements had been upcoming solved from the discussions between them programmers. The amount of sex-related responses over the several concerns was summed to indicate sex salience.